原链接:http://blog.saymagic.cn/2015/11/08/webview-upload.html?utm_source=tuicool&utm_medium=referral
从零开始
我们在xml中写入一个简单的Webview组件:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"tools:context=".MainActivity"><WebViewandroid:id="@+id/webview"android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="fill_parent"android:layout_margin="5dp"></WebView></RelativeLayout>
然后在Java代码中使用其加载一个能够提供上传服务的URL:
WebView webview = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);webview.loadUrl(A_UPLOAD_URL);
之后,要加网络权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>
如果想让Webview能够访问本地资源,SD卡的读写权限也是避免不了的:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>
最后,我们运行,会发现根本不能访问本地资源。Why?
让我们来填补第一个坑:
支持上传文件
Webview执行上传操作的逻辑是这样的:首先准备上传时会回调WebChromeClient类下的openFileChooser方法,在这个方法中给我们机会发起Intent来打开支持提供文件的第三方应用,最后在onActivityResult回调中将第三方应用提供的内容通过一个叫做ValueCallback的参数返回给Webview(详细点来说:ValueCallback是在openFileChooser 方法里由webview提供给我们的,里面包裹一个Uri,我们在onActivityResult 里将选中的Uri反馈给ValueCallback,这时候相当于Webview就知道我们选择了什么文件),因此,我们需要为Webview设置一个提供openFileChooser方法的WebChromeClient,这个方法在不同版本的Android中参数是不同的,为此我们一般需要写三个重载函数,大致像这个样子:
private ValueCallback<Uri> mUploadMessage;//设置`WebChromeClient`:webview.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient(){public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg) {Log.d(TAG, "openFileChoose(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg)");mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);i.setType("*/*");MainActivity.this.startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(i, "File Chooser"), FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE);}public void openFileChooser( ValueCallback uploadMsg, String acceptType ) {Log.d(TAG, "openFileChoose( ValueCallback uploadMsg, String acceptType )");mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);i.setType("*/*");MainActivity.this.startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(i, "File Browser"),FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE);}public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture){Log.d(TAG, "openFileChoose(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture)");mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);i.setType("*/*");MainActivity.this.startActivityForResult( Intent.createChooser( i, "File Browser" ), MainActivity.FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE );}});//onActivityResult回调@Overrideprotected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);if(requestCode==FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE){if (null == mUploadMessage && null == mUploadCallbackAboveL) return;Uri result = data == null || resultCode != RESULT_OK ? null : data.getData();if (mUploadMessage != null) {mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(result);mUploadMessage = null;}}}
还有重要的一点:如果这个上传操作涉及到JS操作,别忘记对Webview开启对JS的支持:
WebSettings settings = webview.getSettings();settings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
这样,打个debug包测试看以下,不出意外我们的Webview应该可以支持上传操作了。
别高兴得太早,如果这个时候产品要将release包推向市场,当你把release包交给产品时,你会发现你的Webview又不能上传了,什么情况?
请听Webview上传操作的第二个坑。
支持release版
debug版是好的,为什么release就不行了呢?准确的说,开启了混淆的release包是不可以的,究其原因在于,openFileChooser 方法并不是WebChromeClient 的对外开放的方法,因此这个方法会被混淆,解决办法也比较简单,只需要在混淆文件里控制一下即可:
-keepclassmembers class * extends android.webkit.WebChromeClient{public void openFileChooser(...);}
好了,我们的Webview可以作为应用内的一个部分对外发布了,等等,有5.0以上用户反映用不了?纳尼????
别回心,来看看这第三个坑。
支持5.0
在5.0发布后,Android人家说了,这次我们回调的不是openFileChooser方法,而是onShowFileChooser方法,并且上文提到的ValueCallback参数里包裹着不再是Uri,而是Uri数组,因此我们必须为5.0+的机器做适配,大致思路如下:
webview.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient(){public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg) {...}public void openFileChooser( ValueCallback uploadMsg, String acceptType ) {...}public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture){...}// For Android 5.0+public boolean onShowFileChooser (WebView webView, ValueCallback<Uri[]> filePathCallback, WebChromeClient.FileChooserParams fileChooserParams) {mUploadCallbackAboveL = filePathCallback;Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);i.setType("*/*");MainActivity.this.startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(i, "File Browser"),FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE);return true;}});@Overrideprotected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);if(requestCode==FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE){if (null == mUploadMessage && null == mUploadCallbackAboveL) return;Uri result = data == null || resultCode != RESULT_OK ? null : data.getData();if (mUploadCallbackAboveL != null) {onActivityResultAboveL(requestCode, resultCode, data);}else if (mUploadMessage != null) {mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(result);mUploadMessage = null;}}}@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)private void onActivityResultAboveL(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {if (requestCode != FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE|| mUploadCallbackAboveL == null) {return;}Uri[] results = null;if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {if (data == null) {} else {String dataString = data.getDataString();ClipData clipData = data.getClipData();if (clipData != null) {results = new Uri[clipData.getItemCount()];for (int i = 0; i < clipData.getItemCount(); i++) {ClipData.Item item = clipData.getItemAt(i);results[i] = item.getUri();}}if (dataString != null)results = new Uri[]{Uri.parse(dataString)};}}mUploadCallbackAboveL.onReceiveValue(results);mUploadCallbackAboveL = null;return;}
如上,我们的Webview应该就可以适应5.0+的机器了。
