Reflux 使用教程

本文转载自查看原文 2016-06-20 16:41 2325 js技术

Reflux是根据React的flux创建的单向数据流类库。
Reflux的单向数据流模式主要由actions和stores组成。例如，当组件list新增item时，会调用actions的某个方法（如addItem(data)）,并将新的数据当参数传递进去，通过事件机制，数据会传递到stroes中，stores可以向服务器发起请求，并更新数据数据库。数据更新成功后，还是通过事件机制传递的组件list当中，并更新ui。整个过程的对接是通过事件驱动的。就像这样：

╔═════════╗       ╔════════╗       ╔═════════════════╗
║ Actions ║──────>║ Stores ║──────>║ View Components ║
╚═════════╝       ╚════════╝       ╚═════════════════╝
     ^                                      │
     └──────────────────────────────────────┘

代码看起来像这样的：

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([ 'addItem' ]); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ items: [1, 2], listenables: [TodoActions], onAddItem: function (model) { $.post('/server/add', {data: model}, function (data) { this.items.unshift(data); this.trigger(this.items); }); } }); var TodoComponent = React.createClass({ mixins: [Reflux.listenTo(TodoStore, 'onStatusChange')], getInitialState: function () { return {list: []}; }, onStatusChange: function () { this.setState({list: TodoStore.items}); }, render: function () { return ( <div> {this.state.list.map(function (item) { return <p>{item}</p> })} </div> ) } }); React.render(<TodoComponent />, document.getElementById('container'));

同React Flux比较

相同点

有actions
有stores
单向数据流

不同点

通过内部拓展actions的行为，移除了单例的dispatcher
stores可以监听actions的行为，无需进行冗杂的switch判断
stores可以相互监听，可以进行进一步的数据聚合操作，类似于，map/reduce
waitFor被连续和平行的数据流所替代

创建Action

var statusUpdate = Reflux.createAction(options);

返回值是一个函数，调用这个函数就会触发相应的事件，在store中监听这个函数，并作相应的处理

var addItem = Reflux.createAction(); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ init: function () { this.listenTo(addItem, 'addItem'); }, addItem: function (model) { console.log(model); } }); addItem({name: 'xxx'});

创建多个Action

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([ 'addItem', 'deleteItem' ]);

store监听actions的行为：

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([ 'addItem', 'deleteItem' ]); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ init: function () { this.listenTo(TodoActions.addItem, 'addItem'); this.listenTo(TodoActions.deleteItem, 'deleteItem'); }, addItem: function (model) { console.log(model) }, deleteItem:function(model){ console.log(model); } }); TodoActions.addItem({name:'xxx'}); TodoActions.deleteItem({name:'yyy'});

异步Action

真实的应用场景中，几乎所有的操作都会向后端请求，而这些操作都是异步的，Reflux也提供了相应的Promise接口

var getAll = Reflux.createAction({asyncResult:true});

例如获取全部数据：

var getAll = Reflux.createAction({asyncResult: true}); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ init: function () { this.listenTo(getAll, 'getAll'); }, getAll: function (model) { $.get('/all', function (data) { if (data) { getAll.completed(data); } else { getAll.failed(data); } }); } }); getAll({name: 'xxx'}) .then(function (data) { console.log(data); }) .catch(function (err) { throw err; });

Action hooks

Reflux为每个action都提供了两个hook方法

preEmit(params)，action emit之前调用，参数是action传递过来的，返回值会传递给shouldEmit
shouldEmit(params) action emit之前调用，参数默认是action传递，如果preEmit有返回值，则是preEmit返回值，返回值决定是否emit

情景一：

var addItem = Reflux.createAction({ preEmit: function (params) { console.log('preEmit:' + params); }, shouldEmit: function (params) { console.log('shouldEmit:' + params); } }); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ init: function () { this.listenTo(addItem, 'addItem'); }, addItem: function (params) { console.log('addItem:' + params); } }); addItem('xxx'); 控制台打印 $ preEmit:xxx $ shouldEmit:xxx

情景二：

var addItem = Reflux.createAction({ preEmit: function (params) { console.log('preEmit:' + params); return 324; }, shouldEmit: function (params) { console.log('shouldEmit:' + params); return true; } }); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ init: function () { this.listenTo(addItem, 'addItem'); }, addItem: function (params) { console.log('addItem:' + params); } }); addItem('xxx'); 控制台打印 $ preEmit:xxx $ shouldEmit:324 $ addItem:324

注意几个返回值和参数的关系

Action Methods

当需要给所有的action添加公用方法时，可以这么干：

Reflux.ActionMethods.print = function (str) { console.log(str); }; var addItem = Reflux.createAction(); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ init: function () { this.listenTo(addItem, 'addItem'); }, addItem: function (params) { console.log('addItem:' + params); } }); addItem.print('xxx');

trigger、triggerAsync和triggerPromise

直接调用addItem()实际上是调用trigger或者triggerAsync或者triggerPromise，它们区别在于

var addItem = Reflux.createAction(); addItem(); #默认调用triggerAsync，相当于addItem.triggerAsync() var addItem = Reflux.createAction({sync:true});addItem(); #默认调用trigger，相当于addItem.trigger() var addItem = Reflux.createAction({asyncResult:true});addItem();#默认调用triggerPromise，相当于addItem.triggerPromise()

trigger和triggerAsync区别在于：

triggerAsync = setTimeout(function () { trigger() }, 0);

trigger和triggerPromise区别在于，triggerPromise的返回值是promise

创建Store

Store可以响应Action的行为，并同服务器交互。

监听单个Action

在init方法中添加监听处理

var addItem = Reflux.createAction(); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ init: function () { this.listenTo(addItem, 'addItem'); }, addItem: function (model) { console.log(model); } }); addItem({name: 'xxx'});

监听多个Action

作死写法

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([ 'addItem', 'deleteItem' ]); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ init: function () { this.listenTo(TodoActions.addItem, 'addItem'); this.listenTo(TodoActions.deleteItem, 'deleteItem'); }, addItem: function (model) { console.log(model); }, deleteItem: function (model) { console.log(model); } }); TodoActions.addItem({name: 'xxx'}); TodoActions.deleteItem({name: 'yyy'});

两个action的时候在init里写了两遍监听处理方法，如果有十个甚至多个的话，写起来就像这样的：

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([ 'item1', 'item2', 'item3', 'item4', 'item5', 'item6', 'item7', 'item8', 'item9', 'item10' ]); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ init: function () { this.listenTo(TodoActions.item1, 'item1'); this.listenTo(TodoActions.item2, 'item2'); this.listenTo(TodoActions.item3, 'item3'); this.listenTo(TodoActions.item4, 'item4'); this.listenTo(TodoActions.item5, 'item5'); this.listenTo(TodoActions.item6, 'item6'); this.listenTo(TodoActions.item7, 'item7'); this.listenTo(TodoActions.item8, 'item8'); this.listenTo(TodoActions.item9, 'item9'); this.listenTo(TodoActions.item10, 'item10'); }, item1: function (model) { console.log(model); }, item2: function (model) { console.log(model); } }); TodoActions.item1({name: 'xxx'}); TodoActions.item2({name: 'yyy'});

listenToMany

还好Reflux给我们提供了listenToMany方法，避免重复劳动：

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([ 'item1', 'item2', 'item3', 'item4', 'item5', 'item6', 'item7', 'item8', 'item9', 'item10' ]); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ init: function () { this.listenToMany(TodoActions); }, onItem1: function (model) { console.log(model); }, onItem2: function (model) { console.log(model); } }); TodoActions.item1({name: 'xxx'}); TodoActions.item2({name: 'yyy'});

处理方法只需让action的标识首字母大写并加上on就可以了。

标识如果首字母大写就会识别不了，例如将上面的item1改成Itme1。这坑爹的！

listenables

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([ 'item1', 'item2', 'item3', 'item4', 'item5', 'item6', 'item7', 'item8', 'item9', 'item10' ]); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ listenables: [TodoActions], onItem1: function (model) { console.log(model); }, onItem2: function (model) { console.log(model); } }); TodoActions.item1({name: 'xxx'}); TodoActions.item2({name: 'yyy'});

一般我们写真实应用的时候都应该采用这种写法！！！

Store Methods

拓展Store的公用方法有两种方式。

方式一

Reflux.StoreMethods.print = function (str) { console.log(str); }; var addItem = Reflux.createAction(); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ init: function () { this.listenTo(addItem, 'addItem'); }, addItem: function (model) { console.log(model); } }); TodoStore.print('rrr');

方式二

var Mixins = { print: function (str) { console.log(str); } } var addItem = Reflux.createAction(); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ mixins: [Mixins], init: function () { this.listenTo(addItem, 'addItem'); }, addItem: function (model) { console.log(model); } }); TodoStore.print('rrr');

同组件结合

前面说了，Action、Store和组件这三者是通过事件机制响应变化的，构建组件的时候首先需要监听Store的状态。
先定义Action和Store

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([ 'getAll' ]); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ items: [1,2,3], listenables: [TodoActions], onGetAll: function () { this.trigger(this.items); } });

基本

var TodoComponent = React.createClass({ getInitialState: function () { return {list: []}; }, onStatusChange: function (list) { this.setState({list: list}); }, componentDidMount: function () { this.unsubscribe = TodoStore.listen(this.onStatusChange); TodoActions.getAll(); }, componentWillUnmount: function () { this.unsubscribe(); }, render: function () { return ( <div> {this.state.list.map(function (item) { return <p>{item}</p> })} </div> ) } }); React.render(<TodoComponent />, document.getElementById('container'));

这里有两点需要注意：

当组件的生命周期结束时需要解除对Store的监听
当Store调用trigger时，才会执行onStatusChange函数，所以每次Store更新时，需要手动调用trigger函数

Mixins

var TodoComponent = React.createClass({ mixins: [Reflux.ListenerMixin], getInitialState: function () { return {list: []}; }, onStatusChange: function (list) { this.setState({list: list}); }, componentDidMount: function () { this.unsubscribe = TodoStore.listen(this.onStatusChange); TodoActions.getAll(); }, render: function () { return ( <div> {this.state.list.map(function (item) { return <p>{item}</p> })} </div> ) } }); React.render(<TodoComponent />, document.getElementById('container'));

Reflux.listenTo

var TodoComponent = React.createClass({ mixins: [Reflux.listenTo(TodoStore,'onStatusChange')], getInitialState: function () { return {list: []}; }, onStatusChange: function (list) { this.setState({list: list}); }, componentDidMount: function () { TodoActions.getAll(); }, render: function () { return ( <div> {this.state.list.map(function (item) { return <p>{item}</p> })} </div> ) } }); React.render(<TodoComponent />, document.getElementById('container'));

Reflux.connect

var TodoComponent = React.createClass({ mixins: [Reflux.connect(TodoStore,'list')], getInitialState: function () { return {list: []}; }, componentDidMount: function () { TodoActions.getAll(); }, render: function () { return ( <div> {this.state.list.map(function (item) { return <p>{item}</p> })} </div> ) } }); React.render(<TodoComponent />, document.getElementById('container'));

数据会自动更新到state的list当中。

Reflux.connectFilter

var TodoComponent = React.createClass({ mixins: [Reflux.connectFilter(TodoStore, 'list', function (list) { return list.filter(function (item) { return item > 1; }); })], getInitialState: function () { return {list: []}; }, componentDidMount: function () { TodoActions.getAll(); }, render: function () { return ( <div> {this.state.list.map(function (item) { return <p>{item}</p> })} </div> ) } }); React.render(<TodoComponent />, document.getElementById('container'));

对数据加了一层过滤器。

以上便Component同Store交互的内容，大家可以根据实际情况选择不同的写法。

小结

我这人喜欢拿代码来表述思想。

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([ 'getAll', 'addItem', 'deleteItem', 'updateItem' ]); var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({ items: [1, 2, 3], listenables: [TodoActions], onGetAll: function () { $.get('/all', function (data) { this.items = data; this.trigger(this.items); }.bind(this)); }, onAddItem: function (model) { $.post('/add', model, function (data) { this.items.unshift(data); this.trigger(this.items); }.bind(this)); }, onDeleteItem: function (model, index) { $.post('/delete', model, function (data) { this.items.splice(index, 1); this.trigger(this.items); }.bind(this)); }, onUpdateItem: function (model, index) { $.post('/update', model, function (data) { this.items[index] = data; this.trigger(this.items); }.bind(this)); } }); var TodoComponent = React.createClass({ mixins: [Reflux.connect(TodoStore, 'list')], getInitialState: function () { return {list: []}; }, componentDidMount: function () { TodoActions.getAll(); }, render: function () { return ( <div> {this.state.list.map(function(item){ return <TodoItem data={item}/> })} </div> ) } }); var TodoItem = React.createClass({ componentDidMount: function () { TodoActions.getAll(); }, handleAdd: function (model) { TodoActions.addItem(model); }, handleDelete: function (model,index) { TodoActions.deleteItem(model,index); }, handleUpdate: function (model) { TodoActions.updateItem(model); }, render: function () { var item=this.props.data; return ( <div> <p>{item.name}</p> <p>{item.email}</p> <p>/*操作按钮*/</p> </div> ) } }); React.render(<TodoComponent />, document.getElementById('container'));

实际情况远比这复杂，只是提供一个思路供大家参考。

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