Win32_Printer class
http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/aa394363.aspx
1. 设置默认打印机
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; namespace Printers { class Externs { [DllImport("winspool.drv")] public static extern bool SetDefaultPrinter(String Name); //调用win api将指定名称的打印机设置为默认打印机 } }
2. 遍历所有打印机
foreach (object installedPrinter in PrinterSettings.InstalledPrinters) { string printer = installedPrinter.ToString(); cbxPrinter.Items.Add(printer); } cbxPrinter.SelectedItem = Properties.Settings.Default.PrinterName;
3. 获取打印机状态
string query = string.Format("SELECT * from Win32_Printer "); var searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(query); var printerzs = searcher.Get(); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); foreach (var printer in printerzs) { sb.AppendLine(printer.Properties["Name"].Value.ToString()); foreach (var property in printer.Properties) { sb.AppendLine(string.Format("\t{0}: {1}", property.Name, property.Value)); } sb.AppendLine(); } string r = sb.ToString();
4. 打印机类。
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Drawing.Printing; using System.Linq; using System.Management; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Security; using System.Text; namespace MicroEnginePrint.Core { public class Printer { /// <summary> /// 获取打印机状态，是否离线。 /// </summary> /// <param name="printerName"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static bool WorkOffline(string printerName) { string query = string.Format("SELECT * from Win32_Printer "); var searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(query); var printerzs = searcher.Get(); foreach (var printer in printerzs) { string printername = printer.Properties["Name"].Value.ToString(); if (printername == printerName) { string workOffline = printer.Properties["WorkOffline"].Value.ToString().ToLower(); return workOffline != "false"; } } return false; } private Printer() { } #region API声明 [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] internal struct structPrinterDefaults { [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] public String pDatatype; public IntPtr pDevMode; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)] public int DesiredAccess; }; [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "OpenPrinter", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, ExactSpelling = false, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity()] internal static extern bool OpenPrinter([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string printerName, out IntPtr phPrinter, ref structPrinterDefaults pd); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "ClosePrinter", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, ExactSpelling = false, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity()] internal static extern bool ClosePrinter(IntPtr phPrinter); [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] internal struct structSize { public Int32 width; public Int32 height; } [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] internal struct structRect { public Int32 left; public Int32 top; public Int32 right; public Int32 bottom; } [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)] internal struct FormInfo1 { [FieldOffset(0), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)] public uint Flags; [FieldOffset(4), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] public String pName; [FieldOffset(8)] public structSize Size; [FieldOffset(16)] public structRect ImageableArea; }; [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)] internal struct structDevMode { [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 32)] public String dmDeviceName; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)] public short dmSpecVersion; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)] public short dmDriverVersion; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)] public short dmSize; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)] public short dmDriverExtra; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] public int dmFields; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I2)] public short dmOrientation; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I2)] public short dmPaperSize; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I2)] public short dmPaperLength; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I2)] public short dmPaperWidth; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I2)] public short dmScale; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I2)] public short dmCopies; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I2)] public short dmDefaultSource; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I2)] public short dmPrintQuality; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I2)] public short dmColor; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I2)] public short dmDuplex; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I2)] public short dmYResolution; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I2)] public short dmTTOption; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I2)] public short dmCollate; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 32)] public String dmFormName; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)] public short dmLogPixels; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] public int dmBitsPerPel; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] public int dmPelsWidth; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] public int dmPelsHeight; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] public int dmNup; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] public int dmDisplayFrequency; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] public int dmICMMethod; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] public int dmICMIntent; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] public int dmMediaType; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] public int dmDitherType; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] public int dmReserved1; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] public int dmReserved2; } [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] internal struct PRINTER_INFO_9 { public IntPtr pDevMode; } [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "AddFormW", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity()] internal static extern bool AddForm( IntPtr phPrinter, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)] int level, ref FormInfo1 form); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "DeleteForm", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, ExactSpelling = false, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity()] internal static extern bool DeleteForm( IntPtr phPrinter, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string pName); [DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetLastError", SetLastError = false, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity()] internal static extern Int32 GetLastError(); [DllImport("GDI32.dll", EntryPoint = "CreateDC", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, ExactSpelling = false, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity()] internal static extern IntPtr CreateDC([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string pDrive, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string pName, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string pOutput, ref structDevMode pDevMode); [DllImport("GDI32.dll", EntryPoint = "ResetDC", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, ExactSpelling = false, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity()] internal static extern IntPtr ResetDC( IntPtr hDC, ref structDevMode pDevMode); [DllImport("GDI32.dll", EntryPoint = "DeleteDC", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, ExactSpelling = false, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity()] internal static extern bool DeleteDC(IntPtr hDC); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "SetPrinterA", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity()] internal static extern bool SetPrinter( IntPtr hPrinter, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)] int level, IntPtr pPrinter, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)] int command); /* LONG DocumentProperties( HWND hWnd, // handle to parent window HANDLE hPrinter, // handle to printer object LPTSTR pDeviceName, // device name PDEVMODE pDevModeOutput, // modified device mode PDEVMODE pDevModeInput, // original device mode DWORD fMode // mode options ); */ [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "DocumentPropertiesA", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] internal static extern int DocumentProperties( IntPtr hwnd, IntPtr hPrinter, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string pDeviceName, IntPtr pDevModeOutput, IntPtr pDevModeInput, int fMode ); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "GetPrinterA", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] internal static extern bool GetPrinter( IntPtr hPrinter, int dwLevel, IntPtr pPrinter, int dwBuf, out int dwNeeded ); [Flags] internal enum SendMessageTimeoutFlags : uint { SMTO_NORMAL = 0x0000, SMTO_BLOCK = 0x0001, SMTO_ABORTIFHUNG = 0x0002, SMTO_NOTIMEOUTIFNOTHUNG = 0x0008 } const int WM_SETTINGCHANGE = 0x001A; const int HWND_BROADCAST = 0xffff; [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] internal static extern IntPtr SendMessageTimeout( IntPtr windowHandle, uint Msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, SendMessageTimeoutFlags flags, uint timeout, out IntPtr result ); //EnumPrinters用到的函数和机构体 [DllImport("winspool.drv", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)] private static extern bool EnumPrinters(PrinterEnumFlags Flags, string Name, uint Level, IntPtr pPrinterEnum, uint cbBuf, ref uint pcbNeeded, ref uint pcReturned); [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] internal struct PRINTER_INFO_2 { public string pServerName; public string pPrinterName; public string pShareName; public string pPortName; public string pDriverName; public string pComment; public string pLocation; public IntPtr pDevMode; public string pSepFile; public string pPrintProcessor; public string pDatatype; public string pParameters; public IntPtr pSecurityDescriptor; public uint Attributes; public uint Priority; public uint DefaultPriority; public uint StartTime; public uint UntilTime; public uint Status; public uint cJobs; public uint AveragePPM; } [Flags] internal enum PrinterEnumFlags { PRINTER_ENUM_DEFAULT = 0x00000001, PRINTER_ENUM_LOCAL = 0x00000002, PRINTER_ENUM_CONNECTIONS = 0x00000004, PRINTER_ENUM_FAVORITE = 0x00000004, PRINTER_ENUM_NAME = 0x00000008, PRINTER_ENUM_REMOTE = 0x00000010, PRINTER_ENUM_SHARED = 0x00000020, PRINTER_ENUM_NETWORK = 0x00000040, PRINTER_ENUM_EXPAND = 0x00004000, PRINTER_ENUM_CONTAINER = 0x00008000, PRINTER_ENUM_ICONMASK = 0x00ff0000, PRINTER_ENUM_ICON1 = 0x00010000, PRINTER_ENUM_ICON2 = 0x00020000, PRINTER_ENUM_ICON3 = 0x00040000, PRINTER_ENUM_ICON4 = 0x00080000, PRINTER_ENUM_ICON5 = 0x00100000, PRINTER_ENUM_ICON6 = 0x00200000, PRINTER_ENUM_ICON7 = 0x00400000, PRINTER_ENUM_ICON8 = 0x00800000, PRINTER_ENUM_HIDE = 0x01000000 } //打印机状态 [Flags] internal enum PrinterStatus { PRINTER_STATUS_BUSY = 0x00000200, PRINTER_STATUS_DOOR_OPEN = 0x00400000, PRINTER_STATUS_ERROR = 0x00000002, PRINTER_STATUS_INITIALIZING = 0x00008000, PRINTER_STATUS_IO_ACTIVE = 0x00000100, PRINTER_STATUS_MANUAL_FEED = 0x00000020, PRINTER_STATUS_NO_TONER = 0x00040000, PRINTER_STATUS_NOT_AVAILABLE = 0x00001000, PRINTER_STATUS_OFFLINE = 0x00000080, PRINTER_STATUS_OUT_OF_MEMORY = 0x00200000, PRINTER_STATUS_OUTPUT_BIN_FULL = 0x00000800, PRINTER_STATUS_PAGE_PUNT = 0x00080000, PRINTER_STATUS_PAPER_JAM = 0x00000008, PRINTER_STATUS_PAPER_OUT = 0x00000010, PRINTER_STATUS_PAPER_PROBLEM = 0x00000040, PRINTER_STATUS_PAUSED = 0x00000001, PRINTER_STATUS_PENDING_DELETION = 0x00000004, PRINTER_STATUS_PRINTING = 0x00000400, PRINTER_STATUS_PROCESSING = 0x00004000, PRINTER_STATUS_TONER_LOW = 0x00020000, PRINTER_STATUS_USER_INTERVENTION = 0x00100000, PRINTER_STATUS_WAITING = 0x20000000, PRINTER_STATUS_WARMING_UP = 0x00010000 } //GetDefaultPrinter用到的API函数说明 [DllImport("winspool.drv", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)] internal static extern bool GetDefaultPrinter(StringBuilder pszBuffer, ref int size); //SetDefaultPrinter用到的API函数声明 [DllImport("winspool.drv", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)] internal static extern bool SetDefaultPrinter(string Name); //EnumFormsA用到的函数声明，应该和EnumPrinters类似 [DllImport("winspool.drv", EntryPoint = "EnumForms")] internal static extern int EnumFormsA(IntPtr hPrinter, int Level, ref byte pForm, int cbBuf, ref int pcbNeeded, ref int pcReturned); #endregion internal static int GetPrinterStatusInt(string PrinterName) { int intRet = 0; IntPtr hPrinter; structPrinterDefaults defaults = new structPrinterDefaults(); if (OpenPrinter(PrinterName, out hPrinter, ref defaults)) { int cbNeeded = 0; bool bolRet = GetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, IntPtr.Zero, 0, out cbNeeded); if (cbNeeded > 0) { IntPtr pAddr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal((int)cbNeeded); bolRet = GetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, pAddr, cbNeeded, out cbNeeded); if (bolRet) { PRINTER_INFO_2 Info2 = new PRINTER_INFO_2(); Info2 = (PRINTER_INFO_2)Marshal.PtrToStructure(pAddr, typeof(PRINTER_INFO_2)); intRet = System.Convert.ToInt32(Info2.Status); } Marshal.FreeHGlobal(pAddr); } ClosePrinter(hPrinter); } return intRet; } internal static PRINTER_INFO_2[] EnumPrintersByFlag(PrinterEnumFlags Flags) { uint cbNeeded = 0; uint cReturned = 0; bool ret = EnumPrinters(PrinterEnumFlags.PRINTER_ENUM_LOCAL, null, 2, IntPtr.Zero, 0, ref cbNeeded, ref cReturned); IntPtr pAddr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal((int)cbNeeded); ret = EnumPrinters(PrinterEnumFlags.PRINTER_ENUM_LOCAL, null, 2, pAddr, cbNeeded, ref cbNeeded, ref cReturned); if (ret) { PRINTER_INFO_2[] Info2 = new PRINTER_INFO_2[cReturned]; int offset = pAddr.ToInt32(); for (int i = 0; i < cReturned; i++) { Info2[i].pServerName = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(Marshal.ReadIntPtr(new IntPtr(offset))); offset += 4; Info2[i].pPrinterName = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(Marshal.ReadIntPtr(new IntPtr(offset))); offset += 4; Info2[i].pShareName = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(Marshal.ReadIntPtr(new IntPtr(offset))); offset += 4; Info2[i].pPortName = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(Marshal.ReadIntPtr(new IntPtr(offset))); offset += 4; Info2[i].pDriverName = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(Marshal.ReadIntPtr(new IntPtr(offset))); offset += 4; Info2[i].pComment = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(Marshal.ReadIntPtr(new IntPtr(offset))); offset += 4; Info2[i].pLocation = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(Marshal.ReadIntPtr(new IntPtr(offset))); offset += 4; Info2[i].pDevMode = Marshal.ReadIntPtr(new IntPtr(offset)); offset += 4; Info2[i].pSepFile = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(Marshal.ReadIntPtr(new IntPtr(offset))); offset += 4; Info2[i].pPrintProcessor = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(Marshal.ReadIntPtr(new IntPtr(offset))); offset += 4; Info2[i].pDatatype = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(Marshal.ReadIntPtr(new IntPtr(offset))); offset += 4; Info2[i].pParameters = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(Marshal.ReadIntPtr(new IntPtr(offset))); offset += 4; Info2[i].pSecurityDescriptor = Marshal.ReadIntPtr(new IntPtr(offset)); offset += 4; Info2[i].Attributes = (uint)Marshal.ReadIntPtr(new IntPtr(offset)); offset += 4; Info2[i].Priority = (uint)Marshal.ReadInt32(new IntPtr(offset)); offset += 4; Info2[i].DefaultPriority = (uint)Marshal.ReadInt32(new IntPtr(offset)); offset += 4; Info2[i].StartTime = (uint)Marshal.ReadInt32(new IntPtr(offset)); offset += 4; Info2[i].UntilTime = (uint)Marshal.ReadInt32(new IntPtr(offset)); offset += 4; Info2[i].Status = (uint)Marshal.ReadInt32(new IntPtr(offset)); offset += 4; Info2[i].cJobs = (uint)Marshal.ReadInt32(new IntPtr(offset)); offset += 4; Info2[i].AveragePPM = (uint)Marshal.ReadInt32(new IntPtr(offset)); offset += 4; } Marshal.FreeHGlobal(pAddr); return Info2; } else { return new PRINTER_INFO_2[0]; } } /// <summary> /// 获取当前指定打印机的状态 /// </summary> /// <param name="PrinterName">打印机名称</param> /// <returns>打印机状态描述</returns> public static string GetPrinterStatus(string PrinterName) { int intValue = GetPrinterStatusInt(PrinterName); string strRet = string.Empty; switch (intValue) { case 0: strRet = "准备就绪（Ready）"; break; case 0x00000200: strRet = "忙(Busy）"; break; case 0x00400000: strRet = "门被打开（Printer Door Open）"; break; case 0x00000002: strRet = "错误(Printer Error）"; break; case 0x0008000: strRet = "正在初始化(Initializing）"; break; case 0x00000100: strRet = "正在输入或输出（I/O Active）"; break; case 0x00000020: strRet = "手工送纸（Manual Feed）"; break; case 0x00040000: strRet = "无墨粉（No Toner）"; break; case 0x00001000: strRet = "不可用（Not Available）"; break; case 0x00000080: strRet = "脱机（Off Line）"; break; case 0x00200000: strRet = "内存溢出（Out of Memory）"; break; case 0x00000800: strRet = "输出口已满（Output Bin Full）"; break; case 0x00080000: strRet = "当前页无法打印（Page Punt）"; break; case 0x00000008: strRet = "塞纸（Paper Jam）"; break; case 0x00000010: strRet = "打印纸用完（Paper Out）"; break; case 0x00000040: strRet = "纸张问题（Page Problem）"; break; case 0x00000001: strRet = "暂停（Paused）"; break; case 0x00000004: strRet = "正在删除（Pending Deletion）"; break; case 0x00000400: strRet = "正在打印（Printing）"; break; case 0x00004000: strRet = "正在处理（Processing）"; break; case 0x00020000: strRet = "墨粉不足（Toner Low）"; break; case 0x00100000: strRet = "需要用户干预（User Intervention）"; break; case 0x20000000: strRet = "等待（Waiting）"; break; case 0x00010000: strRet = "正在准备（Warming Up）"; break; default: strRet = "未知状态（Unknown Status）"; break; } return strRet; } /// <summary> /// 获取本地打印机列表 /// 可以通过制定参数获取网络打印机 /// </summary> /// <returns>打印机列表</returns> public static List<string> GetPrinterList() { List<string> list = new List<string>(); PRINTER_INFO_2[] Info2 = EnumPrintersByFlag(PrinterEnumFlags.PRINTER_ENUM_LOCAL); for (int i = 0; i < Info2.Length; i++) { list.Add(Info2[i].pPrinterName); } return list; } /// <summary> /// 获取安装的打印机 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public static List<string> GetInstalledPrinters() { List<string> printers = new List<string>(); foreach (object installedPrinter in PrinterSettings.InstalledPrinters) { string printer = installedPrinter.ToString(); printers.Add(printer); } return printers; } /// <summary> /// 获取本机的默认打印机名称 /// </summary> /// <returns>默认打印机名称</returns> public static string GetDeaultPrinterName() { StringBuilder dp = new StringBuilder(256); int size = dp.Capacity; if (GetDefaultPrinter(dp, ref size)) { return dp.ToString(); } else { int rc = GetLastError(); return string.Empty; } } /// <summary> /// 设置默认打印机 /// </summary> /// <param name="PrinterName">可用的打印机名称</param> public static void SetPrinterToDefault(string PrinterName) { SetDefaultPrinter(PrinterName); } ///// <summary> ///// 判断打印机是否在系统可用的打印机列表中 ///// </summary> ///// <param name="PrinterName">打印机名称</param> ///// <returns>是：在；否：不在</returns> public static bool PrinterInList(string PrinterName) { List<string> alPrinters = GetPrinterList(); bool bolRet = alPrinters.Cast<object>().Any(t => PrinterName == t.ToString()); alPrinters.Clear(); return bolRet; } } }