检测浏览器是否支持HTML5功能
在用HTML5开发Web App时,检测浏览器是否支持HTML5功能是个必须的步骤。
检测浏览器是否支持HTML5功能,可归结为以下四种方式:
- 在全局对象上检测属性;
- 在创建的元素上检测属性;
- 检测一个方法是否返回期望值;
- 检测元素是否能保留值。
1. 在全局对象上检测属性
比如,检测离线功能的代码:
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<!doctype html>
<
html
lang
=
"cn"
>
<
head
>
<
meta
charset
=
"UTF-8"
>
<
title
>applicationCache Test</
title
>
<
script
>
window.onload = function() {
if (window.applicationCache) {
document.write("Yes, your browser can use offline web applications.");
} else {
document.write("No, your browser cannot use offline web applications.");
}
}
</
script
>
</
head
>
<
body
>
</
body
>
</
html
>
|
2. 在创建的元素上检测属性
首先要创建一个元素,再检测其能否为DOM识别。比如,通过测试canvas元素的context属性,检测浏览器是否支持canvas元素:
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<!doctype html>
<
html
lang
=
"cn"
>
<
head
>
<
meta
charset
=
"UTF-8"
>
<
title
>Simple Square</
title
>
<
script
type
=
"text/javascript"
>
window.onload = drawSquare;
function drawSquare () {
var canvas = document.getElementById('Simple.Square');
if (canvas.getContext) {
var context = canvas.getContext('2d');
context.fillStyle = "rgb(13, 118, 208)";
context.fillRect(2, 2, 98, 98);
} else {
alert("Canvas API requires an HTML5 compliant browser.");
}
}
</
script
>
</
head
>
<
body
>
<
canvas
id
=
"Simple.Square"
width
=
"100"
height
=
"100"
></
canvas
>
</
body
>
</
html
>
|
3. 检测一个方法是否返回期望值
我们知道,浏览器对WebM、H.264的支持是不尽相同的。如何检测浏览器支持哪种编解码器?首先要像前面“2. 在创建的元素上检测属性”所述那样,先检测是否支持该元素(比如video),再检测方法是否返回期望值:
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<!doctype html>
<
html
lang
=
"cn"
>
<
head
>
<
meta
charset
=
"UTF-8"
>
<
title
>Video Test</
title
>
<
script
>
function videoCheck() {
return !!document.createElement("video").canPlayType;
}
function h264Check() {
if (!videoCheck) {
document.write("not");
return;
}
var video = document.createElement("video");
if (!video.canPlayType('video/mp4; codecs="avc1.42E01E, mp4a.40.2"')) {
document.write("not");
}
return;
}
document.write("Your browser does ");
h264Check();
document.write(" support H.264 video.");
</
script
>
</
head
>
<
body
>
</
body
>
</
html
>
|
4. 检测元素是否能保留值
HTML5表单元素的检测只能用这种方法,比如input的range类型,如果浏览器不支持,则会显示一个普通的文本框,具体检测方法如下所示:
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<!doctype html>
<
html
lang
=
"cn"
>
<
head
>
<
meta
charset
=
"UTF-8"
>
<
title
>Range Input Test</
title
>
<
script
>
function rangeCheck() {
var i = document.createElement("input");
i.setAttribute("type", "range");
if (i.type == "text") {
document.write("not");
}
return;
}
document.write("Your browser does ");
rangeCheck();
document.write(" support the <
code
><
input
type
=
range
></
code
> input type.");
</
script
>
</
head
>
<
body
>
</
body
>
</
html
>
|