今天在整合SSH的時候,一開始我再測試的時候service層添加了注解事務調用DAO可以正常的保存,在環境中我在XML中采用了spring的OpenSessionInViewFilter解決hibernate的no-session問題(防止頁面采用藍懶加載的對象,此過濾器在訪問請求前打開session,訪問結束關閉session),xml配置如下:
<!--Hibernate的session丟失解決方法 --> <filter> <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
當我在service層將事務注解注釋掉之后報錯,代碼如下,錯誤如下:
錯誤信息:
org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException: Write operations are not allowed in read-only mode (FlushMode.MANUAL): Turn your Session into FlushMode.COMMIT/AUTO or remove 'readOnly' marker from transaction definition.
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate.checkWriteOperationAllowed(HibernateTemplate.java:1126)
原因:
上面的錯誤:
只讀模式下(FlushMode.NEVER/MANUAL)寫操作不被允許:把你的Session改成FlushMode.COMMIT/AUTO或者清除事務定義中的readOnly標記。
摘自一位大牛的解釋:
OpenSessionInViewFilter在getSession的時候,會把獲取回來的session的flush mode 設為FlushMode.NEVER。然后把該sessionFactory綁定到TransactionSynchronizationManager,使request的整個過程都使用同一個session,在請求過后再接除該sessionFactory的綁定,最后closeSessionIfNecessary根據該session是否已和transaction綁定來決定是否關閉session。在這個過程中,若HibernateTemplate 發現自當前session有不是readOnly的transaction,就會獲取到FlushMode.AUTO Session,使方法擁有寫權限。也即是,如果有不是readOnly的transaction就可以由Flush.NEVER轉為Flush.AUTO,擁有insert,update,delete操作權限,如果沒有transaction,並且沒有另外人為地設flush model的話,則doFilter的整個過程都是Flush.NEVER。所以受transaction(聲明式的事務)保護的方法有寫權限,沒受保護的則沒有。
查看OpenSessionInViewFilter源碼:
* Copyright 2002-2015 the original author or authors. package org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.FilterChain; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.hibernate.FlushMode; import org.hibernate.HibernateException; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessResourceFailureException; import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.SessionFactoryUtils; import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.SessionHolder; import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionSynchronizationManager; import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext; import org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManager; import org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncUtils; import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils; import org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter; public class OpenSessionInViewFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter { public static final String DEFAULT_SESSION_FACTORY_BEAN_NAME = "sessionFactory"; private String sessionFactoryBeanName = DEFAULT_SESSION_FACTORY_BEAN_NAME; public void setSessionFactoryBeanName(String sessionFactoryBeanName) { this.sessionFactoryBeanName = sessionFactoryBeanName; } protected String getSessionFactoryBeanName() { return this.sessionFactoryBeanName; } @Override protected boolean shouldNotFilterAsyncDispatch() { return false; } @Override protected boolean shouldNotFilterErrorDispatch() { return false; } @Override protected void doFilterInternal( HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException { SessionFactory sessionFactory = lookupSessionFactory(request); boolean participate = false; WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request); String key = getAlreadyFilteredAttributeName(); if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.hasResource(sessionFactory)) { // Do not modify the Session: just set the participate flag. participate = true; } else { boolean isFirstRequest = !isAsyncDispatch(request); if (isFirstRequest || !applySessionBindingInterceptor(asyncManager, key)) { logger.debug("Opening Hibernate Session in OpenSessionInViewFilter"); Session session = openSession(sessionFactory); SessionHolder sessionHolder = new SessionHolder(session); TransactionSynchronizationManager.bindResource(sessionFactory, sessionHolder); AsyncRequestInterceptor interceptor = new AsyncRequestInterceptor(sessionFactory, sessionHolder); asyncManager.registerCallableInterceptor(key, interceptor); asyncManager.registerDeferredResultInterceptor(key, interceptor); } } try { filterChain.doFilter(request, response); } finally { if (!participate) { SessionHolder sessionHolder = (SessionHolder) TransactionSynchronizationManager.unbindResource(sessionFactory); if (!isAsyncStarted(request)) { logger.debug("Closing Hibernate Session in OpenSessionInViewFilter"); SessionFactoryUtils.closeSession(sessionHolder.getSession()); } } } } protected SessionFactory lookupSessionFactory(HttpServletRequest request) { return lookupSessionFactory(); } protected SessionFactory lookupSessionFactory() { if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Using SessionFactory '" + getSessionFactoryBeanName() + "' for OpenSessionInViewFilter"); } WebApplicationContext wac = WebApplicationContextUtils.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(getServletContext()); return wac.getBean(getSessionFactoryBeanName(), SessionFactory.class); } protected Session openSession(SessionFactory sessionFactory) throws DataAccessResourceFailureException { try { Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); session.setFlushMode(FlushMode.MANUAL); return session; } catch (HibernateException ex) { throw new DataAccessResourceFailureException("Could not open Hibernate Session", ex); } } private boolean applySessionBindingInterceptor(WebAsyncManager asyncManager, String key) { if (asyncManager.getCallableInterceptor(key) == null) { return false; } ((AsyncRequestInterceptor) asyncManager.getCallableInterceptor(key)).bindSession(); return true; } }
上面將FlushMode設置MANUAL,查看FlushMode源碼:
package org.hibernate; import java.util.Locale; public enum FlushMode { @Deprecated NEVER ( 0 ), MANUAL( 0 ), COMMIT(5 ), AUTO(10 ), ALWAYS(20 ); private final int level; private FlushMode(int level) { this.level = level; } public boolean lessThan(FlushMode other) { return this.level < other.level; } @Deprecated public static boolean isManualFlushMode(FlushMode mode) { return MANUAL.level == mode.level; } public static FlushMode interpretExternalSetting(String externalName) { if ( externalName == null ) { return null; } try { return FlushMode.valueOf( externalName.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT) ); } catch ( IllegalArgumentException e ) { throw new MappingException( "unknown FlushMode : " + externalName ); } } }
解決辦法:
在遇到上面錯誤之后我先打開@Transactional注解查看里面的源碼,此注解將readonly默認置為false,所以我們在有此注解的情況下可以進行save或者update操作。源碼如下:
* Copyright 2002-2015 the original author or authors. package org.springframework.transaction.annotation; import java.lang.annotation.Documented; import java.lang.annotation.ElementType; import java.lang.annotation.Inherited; import java.lang.annotation.Retention; import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy; import java.lang.annotation.Target; import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor; import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition; @Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE}) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Inherited @Documented public @interface Transactional { @AliasFor("transactionManager") String value() default ""; @AliasFor("value") String transactionManager() default ""; Propagation propagation() default Propagation.REQUIRED; Isolation isolation() default Isolation.DEFAULT; int timeout() default TransactionDefinition.TIMEOUT_DEFAULT; boolean readOnly() default false; Class<? extends Throwable>[] rollbackFor() default {}; String[] rollbackForClassName() default {}; Class<? extends Throwable>[] noRollbackFor() default {}; String[] noRollbackForClassName() default {}; }
解決辦法:
(1)在service層打上@Transactional注解,現在想想這個設計還挺合理,無形之中要求我們打上注解。
(2)重寫上面的過濾器,將打開session的FlushMode設為AUTO:(不推薦這種,因為在進行DML操作的時候最好加上事務控制,防止造成數據庫異常)
package cn.qlq.filter; import org.hibernate.FlushMode; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessResourceFailureException; import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter; /** * 重寫過濾器去掉session的默認只讀屬性 * @author liqiang * */ public class MyOpenSessionInViewFilter extends OpenSessionInViewFilter { @Override protected Session openSession(SessionFactory sessionFactory) throws DataAccessResourceFailureException { Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); session.setFlushMode(FlushMode.AUTO); return session; } }
web.xml配置:
<!--Hibernate的session丟失解決方法 --> <filter> <filter-name>myOpenSessionInView</filter-name> <filter-class>cn.qlq.filter.MyOpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>myOpenSessionInView</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
FlushMode.COMMIT/AUTO