網絡上關於Spring AOP的范例大都是使用xml作配置文件,見此特地寫一些JavaConfig的范例,既為加深理解,亦為加強記憶。如需引用或轉載的同學,請注明來源。
使用Spring AOP,要成功運行起代碼,只用Spring提供給開發者的jar包是不夠的,請額外上網下載兩個jar包導入項目中:
- aopalliance.jar
- aspectjweaver.jar。
由於我使用IDEA_U創建的spring項目,aopalliance.jar是Maven自動下載的,而 aspectjweaver.jar 則需要另外下載aspectj.jar,然后用解壓軟件打開,解壓出 aspectjweaver.jar
先寫一個接口:
@Component public interface Person { void say(); void run(); }
再寫兩個實現類:
@Component @Qualifier("adults") public class Adults implements Person { private String classname = "adults"; @Override public void say() { System.out.println("I am " + classname + " , I like acid rock."); } @Override public void run() { System.out.println("I am " + classname + " , I like long-distance"); } }
@Component @Qualifier("children") public class Children implements Person { private String classname = "children"; @Override public void say() { System.out.println("We are " + classname + " , we like nursery rhymes."); } @Override public void run() { System.out.println("We are " + classname + " , we like running around."); } }
然后寫一個切面,這也是一個類:
@Component @Aspect //聲明這是一個切面。必須的! public class AspectConfig { //通知和切入點的混合寫法; //第一個 * 號表示任意返回類型,第二個 * 號表示Person的所有方法 @Before("execution(* com.san.spring.aop.Person.*(..))") public void showTime1(){ System.out.println("CurrentTime = " + System.currentTimeMillis()); } @After("execution(* com.san.spring.aop.Person.*(..))") public void showTime2(){ System.out.println("CurrentTime = " + System.currentTimeMillis()); } }
上面的切面也可以這樣定義
@Component @Aspect //聲明這是一個切面。必須的! public class AspectConfig { // 定義一個切點 @Pointcut("execution(* com.san.spring.aop.Person.*(..))") public void pointcut(){} // 定義通知 @Before("pointcut()") public void showTime1(){ System.out.println("CurrentTime = " + System.currentTimeMillis()); } // 定義通知 @After("pointcut()") public void showTime2(){ System.out.println("CurrentTime = " + System.currentTimeMillis()); } }
定義spring的JavaConfig類:
@Configuration @ComponentScan @EnableAspectJAutoProxy //啟用自動代理功能。必須的! public class SpringConfig { }
寫一個測試類:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(classes = SpringConfig.class) public class AopTest { @Autowired @Qualifier("children") private Person person; @Test public void testMethod(){ person.say(); person.run(); } }